Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can repair and regenerate muscles in Myasthenia Gravis (MG) by several mechanisms.
MSCs have the ability to guide differentiation and regeneration of various types of cells that can repair damaged muscle tissue. They can generate new muscle fibers, which can then integrate into existing muscle tissue. This can help to improve muscle strength and contractility, resulting in reduced symptoms of MG.
In addition to directly repairing muscle tissue, MSCs can release various growth factors and cytokines that support muscle regeneration, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). These factors can promote angiogenesis, or the formation of new blood vessels, which can improve blood flow and nutrient supply to damaged muscle tissue, facilitating repair and regeneration.
Furthermore, MSCs can also reduce inflammation, which is a contributing factor to muscle damage in MG. By releasing anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, MSCs can dampen the immune response, reduce inflammation, and promote tissue repair.
Overall, MSCs can repair and regenerate muscle tissue in MG by guiding the differentiating muscle cells, releasing growth factors and cytokines that support muscle regeneration, improving blood flow, and reducing inflammation.
